As energy weapon carriers, high energy materials are of particular importance. Increasing explosive performance along with increased immunity or reduced sensitivity are the main goals of the field of research on high energy materials, but the increase in performance is somewhat contradictory with decreasing the sensitivity which should be followed by a balance between them. In designing new high performance molecular structures and low sensitivity, it is necessary to identify the factors affecting on sensitivity and consider them in design. In this paper, the factors affecting on sensitivity have been investigated from three perspectives, namely molecular, physical and crystalline factors that affect sensitivity, as well as strategies that can help to reduction of sensitivity of explosives without significantly reducing performance.