Considering the role of plasticizers in the processability of solid propellants, recently many researches have been carried out on the development and investigation of the role of these plasticizers on the improvement of the propellants’ properties. These compounds are used in the formulation of double base and composite propellants to improve processability during propellant preparation and thus to improve the mechanical properties of propellant. Energetic plasticizers, in addition to improving mechanical properties, increase energy and improve the explosive performance of the propellant. Although a lot of studies have been carried out in the field of plasticizers in recent years, but due to the complex structure of solid propellants and the various mechanisms of plasticization, the need to design new plasticizers with high energy and the ability to interact with various polymeric structures of propellant is tangible. Recently, ionic liquids and energetic ionic liquids have been studied for this purpose. Ionic liquids with good properties such as structural designability, low vapor pressure, miscibility with various compounds, and the ability to make covalent bond with polymer, have the requirements as desirable alternatives for common plasticizers.